Week 7 discussion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Week 7 discussion - Essay Example Moreover, the process of teaching writing skills to kindergarten students is not random or haphazard; instead, it entails a structured, systematic procedure. Development of phonemic awareness represents the first step; whereby, students learn about phonemes, which are the basic sound units and crucial to spelling and writing different words (learning of sound-symbol relationship). The second step entails teaching children how to hold writing materials, and how to space letters appropriately. The following advanced stages entail prompting the students to generate ideas mentally and represent them in short sentences that later add up to a paragraph. For example, a teacher might ask students to talk about what and who constitute their family. During the earlier stages, teachers delegate limited autonomy to the students; however, in the advanced stages, they relinquish autonomy to the students (Mumford, 2009). Mumford, P. (2009, March 23). Teaching Writing in Kindergarten: A Structured Approach to Daily Writing That Helps Every Child Become a Confident, Capable Writer by Randee Bergen. Retrieved from National Writing Project:

Career Research Essay Essay Example for Free

Career Research Essay Essay Psychology is the study of the human brain, its functions and its behavioral affects to us as humans. This field or specific job always has fascinated me as a child and now as a teenager it still does. Being a psychologist would suit me because it’s an overall interesting field and career path. It is a time consuming, intense and impacted course but as a professional job it meets my standards and requirement. It has good pay, comfortable job place and it is a steady career that is more than useful in just that field with that you are also able to create your own business and grow off your own knowledge and expand as an entrepreneur. Being a professional job and with its extensive education it has a good pay. To be a psychologist you have to obtain a PhD or a doctor of psychology Pys.D. Working for both is a bit costly and may increase student loan debt and other debts one may have. Now to be qualified and licensed you must have either of the degrees, pass the national exam and then sign up to be licensure in state you want to begin practicing. That’s when the whole career changes. Cause now you are able to do what you love and a bonus: paycheck. â€Å"According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics . . . earned between $48,700 and $82,800. . .† (Cherry) that would be the estimated earning of a classified psychologist. With job sometimes paycheck may be unstable and pay may either go down or up but usually after the 5-10 years in the field the income pay may increase. It is also up to put in extra hours or to do part-time if psychologist is willing to give in extra time for patients and clients. I belie ve in the first years it may be difficult because now the debt and loans are being paid off with the first pay checks but later on it will pay off to give a good retirement plan. Also psychologists don’t depend on the government unless you plan on being an industrial organizational psychologist. But if in case a situation so terrible would occur and it would cause instability within field it wouldn’t be hard to find another job that requires the same knowledge because with a PhD you can pretty much move onto other fields, that may or may not pay as well as the actual psychologist get paid but it may pay enough to be considered livable and be classified as middle class. Psychologist career isn’t a government either so you can’t be considered to be a civil servant but some near qualifying jobs that may involve the government may be collaborations with FBI or criminal justice. To become a psychologist it is easy to get a job and establish one but if planning to move out of the state and still want to be practicing the career licensing might be problem. Every state has different requirements and qualifications for the job so you might need to take the national exam a couple of times you plan on moving constantly. Working conditions for a psychologist is a really comfortable and accommodating. Most psychologist are usually self-employed mainly the offices are suited to personal desire and also fit to de-stress patients, mainly a neutral-toned environment to help relieve stress but it all depends on psychologist tastes and practices. Other workplaces may include â€Å"clinics, hospitals, rehabilitation facilities, community and mental health centers† (Bureau of Labor†¦). Or if you want to be a research psychologist working place would mainly be at universities or colleges. As well the working schedule is mainly accommodated around patients and cli ents. It is mainly really flexible depending if you are self-employed or if you work with an employer. Usually the hours are business hours. Since job depends if you are self-employed or employed a day or years may differ. Some days may be short and fast because some patients may be busy on day session or can’t see you on the appointment given. Or you may have a patient who just passed though something on an unexpected day and they may want to set up an unplanned appointment. Also, taking in consideration dates of vacations, holidays and weekends. It all depends on dedication and loyalty psychologist is willing to give for a patients and clients. Something I am willing to give time to help clients at time of need. Psychology is a growing study within colleges today and has been growing for the last few years. Now it is a competitive and impacted field and it is a bit harder to enter the field. To become a psychologist you need to aim for a doctorate (Ph.D.) or a doctor in psychology (Psy.D.). To get proper certification you need to take; year-long internships, pre-doctorate or post-doctorate supervised experience to have what it takes to become certified and licensed. Mainly in this field you don’t have promotions or you don’t have supervisors because once you are fully certified you are your own boss. With this you don’t have to gain other knowledge other than knowledge obtained. You may be able to conduct studies and researches to gain more knowledge to study in depth clients and patients situations more in depth. Some important qualities to have in mind while entering career are â€Å"analytical skills, observational skills, communication skills, patience, people skill s, problem-solving skills and trustworthiness† (Bureau of Labor†¦) skills I have making psychology a perfect, suitable career for me to embrace and consider. With psychology being an extensive career that takes time and dedication and of course the most intense classes in my opinion the study is really interesting. Psychologists mainly study the mental process and the human behaviors by observing, interpreting, and recording how people and humans react to one another in an environment. With patients and clients they want to understand and explain: emotions, feelings, thoughts and behaviors in which they seem to be troubled. In this career a lot of paper work is dealt with. You have to gather information, analyze, and take notes of patients or clients. They have to also make treatment plans and diagnose them with disorders, establish them in asylums or mental institutes or may also refer you to family therapists and/or personalized therapists and counselors. Mainly a psychologist â€Å"they help mentally and emotionally distressed clients adjust to life. . .† (Health Care Salary. . .) something I am willing to do. Even though the job is fun and exciting it also has its own emotional factors into the role played as psychologist. This career may â€Å"depress your emotions for the most part because you are mainly dealing with people who have been through a lot† (Gomez). You may also have to deal with people of all ages so it all may be emotional draining and it may depress your spirits but as a professional one must remain calm and try not to show emotions because you have to be the strongest to help your patient out of whatever mental state they may be in. A regular session may either take place in your own office or in a special room where your patient feels comfortable to unwind and de-stress. It may also take place if your patient is in a clinical institute or under supervision. So all situations are taken into consideration. With this so more reasons psychology and being a psychologist really interests me is the fact if I already have acquired knowledge and this no longer entertains me I am able to move on to another job with the knowledge I have obtained. This field is so diverse with the knowledge obtains mean while or on the pursuit to getting a doctorate. Also if I decided to stay in the job I don’t have to be employed I can also be self-employed and expand my career from there too. The jobs that branch off of the same psychological field are; anthropologist, mental health counselors, market research analysis and these are just a few of the different jobs that branch of it and it is very diverse and something new is obviously in store with this great career if you barely drift off for a bit. With this field you are able to win a lot of rewarding positions. Also it is said that this field is one of the ten to be growing and it’s expected to be a impacted intense career later on in the future. â€Å"Employment of psychologists is expected to grow about as fast as the average† (Psychology Ph.D. . .). This is what’s expected for a few years to come. Career is not at all vigorous nor does it include health so anyone is capable of pursuing this job and career because all that is asked of career is the ability to use reasoning and analyze. Technology also won’t be a problem with in job because a computer or a smart-phone won’t be able to replace this career since technology isn’t so advanced to accurately treat, diagnose and observe an individual. As well all qualities and skills learned in this career can also be recycled to be used in other jobs and positions. This leads to many different job opportunities. If you are an entrepreneur that has soaring high ambitions this road would be perfect to take advantage of the many and multiple opportunities given. With a Pys.D. at hand you are also capable of getting jobs maybe at a higher government position like in government facilities or at a U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs and some of Federal Agencies which may be swung by the economy but as governments job it may have some good civil servant and benefits. But it is mainly possible and more likely to be self-employed. Also jobs as a self-employed employee provide more flexible hours around your own schedule. I believe the psychologist job would suit me well because it is a very broad career that can help me grow as an individual and also help me develop a more successful career. It is also a very interesting study to partake in. even though it may be becoming more than impacted, intensive and competitive it has so many opportunities to offer. The pay for the job is splendid. It is an honest pay for such a fun, interesting career. All the qualities necessary for the job I already have. I just need the education and the proper training and I’m pretty sure I’d be a good psychologist. Within the job you can potentially grow with colleagues that want to pursue the same career and you can be potentially business owners and make a company. This job would also be the perfect fit because I enjoy helping others with their life and emotional health. Also doing research to get to the bottom of whatever is the problem. If I am able to help and save them from themselves then why not. If I am able capable of making them feel better then why not? Since this career is mainly focused around research, analysis, and observation the career is almost to perfect. As well the fact that I am able to recycle my own knowledge to create and start my own business. With this job there are incredible amounts of opportunities that cannot be put down.

Skylab :: essays research papers

Skylab Skylab was America's first experimental space station. Some of Skylab's program objectives were: To prove that humans could live and work in space for extended periods, and to expand our knowledge of solar astronomy well beyond Earth-based observations. Skylab made much use of Saturn and Apollo equipment. Through the use of a "dry" third stage of the Saturn V rocket, the station was completely made as a workshop area before launch. Crews visited Skylab and returned to earth in the Apollo spacecraft. THE FLIGHTS Skylab's 1st unmanned mission May 14, 1973 The station was launched into orbit by a Saturn V booster. Almost immediately, problems developed due to vibrations during lift-off. A critical meteoroid shield ripped off taking one of the craft's two solar panels with it; a piece of the shield wrapped around the other panel keeping it from deploying. Skylab was maneuvered so its Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM) solar panels faced the Sun to provide as much electricity as possible. Because of the loss of the meteoroid shield, however, this positioning caused workshop temperatures to rise to 126 degrees F. The launch of Skylab 2 was postponed 10 days while NASA engineers developed procedures and trained the crew to make the workshop habitable. At the same time, engineers "rolled" Skylab to lower the temperature of the workshop. Skylab's 2nd manned mission - May 25th to June 22nd Astronauts; Charles Conrad, Jr. Paul J. Weitz Joseph P. Kerwin The crew meats with Skylab on the fifth orbit. After making many repairs, including deployment of parasol sunshade which cooled the inside temperatures to 75 degrees F, by June 4 the workshop was in full operation. In orbit the crew conducted solar Earth resources experiments, medical studies, and five student experiments; 404 orbits and 392 experiment hours were completed; three EVAs that totaled six hours, 20 minuets. Skylab's 3rd manned mission - July 28th to September 25th, 1973 Astronauts; Alan L. Bean Jack R. Lousma Owen K. Garriott Continued maintenance of the space station and extensive scientific and medical experiments. Completed 858 Earth orbits and 1,081 hours of solar and Earth experiments; three EVAs totaled 13 hours, 43 minuets. Skylab's 4th mission - November 16th, 1973 to February 8th 1974 Astronauts; Gerald P. Carr William R.

Racial Discrimination and Class Prejudice

If someone said racism to you, what would you first think of? Would one think of black and white people straight away? If so, you need to understand that racism isn’t just about skin colour it’s about where you’re from, what religion you are and often different parts of a country are split due to racial discrimination. The idea of racism has been around for hundreds of years, it’s because human’s natural instinct is to put others down to make themselves look better. When Africans were taken across the Atlantic for the slave trade, they were demoralized so much so that they would rather take their own life than commit to a life of slavery.In southern America in 1619 White farmers and landowners needed cheap labour to work on their plantations; this is why the slaves were first brought to America. The Americans regarded the black people as animals; they didn’t agree that they were even the same species. However this all changed when slavery was banned around America in 1807, and every man was free. Eventually black men begin to gain land of there own and work for themselves, but this did not go unnoticed.Even after the civil war the black people in the southern states of America were still discriminated against and treated awfully. Groups of men used to go around at night and just burn, torture and kill any black people that they think have stepped out of line. Racial discrimination is still a very big part of our world today, racism is not just black and white, in Zimbabwe white farmers are being pushed out of their land; where their families have lived and farmed for hundreds of years, whilst their own land is being distributed as the black farmers believe it is there land.Nevertheless the white families are left penniless. In England today Muslims very often feel discriminated against, as English people are scared of them, English people think of them as terrorists after a lot of bad press, but this is not the case. If the cloud of doubt were lifted just a little, millions of people would have better lives. I find it hard to understand how people accept the status that they are given; they should surely be able to choose how to live their life and what to do.In â€Å"Roll Of Thunder, Hear my Cry† one line really stuck out for me, â€Å"Comical objects to cruel eyes that gave no thought our misery† this shows how the black people recognize their place in society and even if they don’t believe in it they accept it. Martin Luther King gave an inspiring speech, which changed the views of millions of people around the world â€Å"I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: â€Å"We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal. â€Å"†Equality is a hard concept to grasp for many people around the world due to the fact that lack of education is still a big problems lots of different countries espec ially L. E. D’s, this is mostly due to class. However this year in America, a country renowned for their vicious racists, have elected a black president. Barack Obama, the aforementioned president, is a pinnacle of light to such a diverse nation. Seeing as a mere thirty years ago black people were still fighting for entirely equal rights. Barack Obama is now thought of as the most powerful man in the world.Never the less this does not discount racism in America as there is evidence to suggest that the poor black people and ethnic minorities do not still receive the opportunities given to white people. Class prejudice happens all around the world, in England today this is a big issue, but the homeless often sell ‘big issues’ around the streets so they can scrap a living from the tower of success. Every class in Britain is stereotyped, it is almost as if the country is divided into, people your allowed to talk to and people your not. These are often referred to as classes.People get stereotyped on their class all the time, then it often falls into smaller categories such as race, or where you live. Stereotyping is a habit that we all need to get out of. Racism and Class prejudice is a growing problem in England today, if we do not take action it may get out of control. Infect some would argue it already is with the steady growth of gang crime and people getting hurt just because of where they are from. We don’t want to have people beaten on the streets or worse killed just because of their background. Everyone deserves a chance in life without being pre judged by other people.

Indian Thought in Emerson Thoreau and Whitman Essay

VEDANTA philosophy was one of several thought currents from abroad that reached New England in the early decades of the 19th century and contributed to the thinking of Emerson and Thoreau. Emerson’s interest in the sacred writings of the East probably began: . ring his Harvard days and continued throughout his life. He knew Laws of Manu, Vishnupurana, the Bhagvad- Gita, and Katha Upanishad: There are numerous references to these scriptures in his Journals and Essays. Thoreau, too, was introduced to Oriental writing while still at Harvard. His initial contact was with an essay on Oriental poetry by Sir William Jones; in 1841, at the age of 24, he began an intensive study of Hindu religious books. In the January 1843 issue of The Dial, Thoreau published selected passages from Laws of Manu. From a French version of the Sanskrit Harivansa, he translated a story, â€Å"The Transmigration Seven Brahmans,† and in The Dial of January 1844, he published excerpts from Buddhist scriptures under the title â€Å"The Preaching of Buddha. † Emerson, Thoreau, and other Transcendentalists, interested in the concept of â€Å"selfhood,† found in Hindu scripture a well-elaborated doctrine of Self. Hindu scripture tells us that the central core of one’s self (antaratman) is identifiable with the cosmic whole (Brahman). The Upanishad state: â€Å"The self within you, the resplendent, immortal person is internal self of all things and is the universal Brahman. † Concepts similar to this cardinal doctrine of Vedanta appear in the writings of the Transcendentalists. But there are many ideological similarities among Oriental literature, the neo-Platonic doctrines, Christian mysticism, and the philosophy of the German Idealists such as Kant and Schelling. And, since the Transcendentalists were acquainted with all of these writings, it is not always possible to identify specific influences. Nevertheless, the striking parallels between Transcendentalist writing and Oriental thought make it clear that there was a spiritual kinship. In â€Å"Plato; or, the Philosopher,† Emerson writes that â€Å"the conception of fundamental Unity† – the â€Å"ecstasy† of losing â€Å"all being in one Being† – finds its highest expression â€Å"chiefly in the Indian Scriptures, in the Vedas, the Bhagavat Geeta, and the Vishnu Purana. † In this essay, Emerson quotes Krishna speaking to a sage:†Ã¢â‚¬ËœYou are fit to apprehend that you are not distinct from me†¦. That which I am, thou art, and that also is this world, with its gods and heroes and mankind. Men contemplate distinctions because they are stupefied with ignorance. ‘ ‘†¦. What is the great end of all, you shall now learn from me. It is soul, – one in all bodies, pervading, uniform, perfect, preeminent over nature, exempt from birth, growth and decay, omnipresent, made up of true knowledge, independent, unconnected with unrealities, with name, species and the rest, in time past, present and to come. The knowledge that this spirit, which is essentially one, is in one’s own and in all other bodies, is the wisdom of one who knows the unity of things. ‘† In formulating his own concept of the Over-Soul, Emerson might well be quoting Krishna once again: â€Å"We live in succession, in division, in parts, in particles. Meantime within man is the soul of the whole; the wise silence; the universal beauty, to which every part and particle is equally related; the eternal ONE. And this deep power in which we exist and whose beatitude is all accessible to us, is not only self-sufficing and perfect in every hour, but in the act of seeing and the thing seen, the seer and the spectacle, the subject and the object, are one. We see the world piece by piece, as the sun, the moon, the animal, the tree; but the whole, of which these are shining parts, is the soul. Only by the vision of that Wisdom can the horoscope of the ages be read†¦. † Some of Emerson’s poetry resembles Vedanta literature in form as well as in content. A striking example is the poem â€Å"Brahma. † This is â€Å"Brahma† in its entirety: If the red slayer think he slays, Or if the lain think he is slain, They know not well the subtle ways I keep, and pass, and turn again. Far or forgot to me is near; Shadow and sunlight are the same; The vanished gods to me appear; And one to me are shame and fame. They reckon ill who leave me out; When me they fly, I am the wings; I am the doubter and the doubt, And I the hymn the Brahmin sings. The strong gods pine for my abode, And pine in vain the sacred Seven, But thou, meek lover of the good! Find me, and turn thy back on heaven. The first stanza is essentially an adaptation of these lines from the Katha Upanishad: If the slayer think I slay, if the lain think I am slain, then both of them do not know well. If (the soul) does not slay, nor is it slain. The second and the third stanzas echo the following lines of the Gita: I am the ritual action, I am the sacrifice, I am the ancestral oblation, I am the sacred hymn, I am also the melted butter, I am the fire and I am the offering. I am immorality and also death. I am being as well as non-being. In some respects, Henry David Thoreau was even more than Emerson attracted to Oriental thought and philosophy. For while Emerson found the Hindu doctrines of soul congenial to his own ideas about man’s relationship to the universe, Thoreau found in Hindu scriptures a way of life with which he felt a profound affinity. When Thoreau began his intensive study of Hindu scriptures, he wrote in his Journal, â€Å"I cannot read a sentence in the book of the Hindoos without being elevated upon the table-land of the Ghauts†¦. The impression which those sublime sentences made on me last night has awakened me before any cockcrowing†¦. The simple life herein described confers on us a degree of freedom even in perusal†¦ wants so easily and gracefully satisfied that they seem like a more refined pleasure and repleteness. † Later, in his first book he said: â€Å"Any moral philosophy is exceedingly rare. This of Manu addresses our privacy more than most. It is a more private and familiar, and at the same time a more public and universal work, than is spoken in parlour or pulpit nowadays. As our domestic fowls are said to have their original in the wild pheasant of India, so our domestic thoughts have their prototypes in the thoughts of her philosophers. Most books belong to the house and street only, and in the fields their leaves feel very thin†¦. But this, as it proceeds from, so it addresses, what is deepest and most abiding in man. It belongs to the noontide of the day, the midsummer of the year, and after the snows have melted, and the waters evaporated in the spring, still its truth speaks freshly to our experience†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬  Thoreau sought throughout his life to live a life of meaning – a life in which he would understand the truths of his own nature, his relationship with other men and his relationship with Nature and with the Universe. In the Bhagavad-Gita Thoreau found clues for his quest which he transposed into his Journals: â€Å"The man who, having abandoned all lusts of the flesh, walketh without inordinate desires, unassuming, and free from pride, obtaineth happiness. † â€Å"The wise man†¦. seeketh for that which is homogeneous to his own nature. † We know too that Thoreau’s reading led him to an interest in Yoga. He wrote in a letter to a friend: â€Å"Free in this world as the birds in the air, disengaged from every kind of chains, those who have practiced the yoga gather in Brahma the certain fruit of their works†¦ The yogi, absorbed in contemplation, contributes in his degree to creation†¦. Divine forms traverse him†¦. and, united to the nature which is proper to him, he goes, he acts as animating original matter†¦. To some extent, and at rare interval, even I am a yogi. † And in Walden, Thoreau describes a state of mind that has a close resemblance to the experience of the yogi. It is similar also to the transcendental Self of the Upanishads which as Sakshi or spectator merely looks on without participating in the pageant of the world. â€Å"By a conscious effort of the mind we can stand aloof from the actions and their consequences; and all things, good and bad, go by us like a torrent. We are not wholly involved in Nature†¦ I may be either the driftwood in the stream, or Indra in the sky looking down on it†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ [I] am sensible of a certain doubleness by which I can stand as remote from myself as from another. However intense my experience, I am conscious of the presence and criticism of a part of me, which, as it were is not a part of me, but spectator, sharing no experience, but taking note of it; and that is no more I than it is you. When the play†¦ of life is over, the spectator goes his way. † When Walt Whitman published Leaver of Grass in 1855, he was almost universally condemned for the formlessness of his poems and the grandiosity of his heretic philosophy. But Emerson made it a point to write a letter to the author: â€Å"I am very happy in reading it†¦. It meets the demand I am always making of what seemed the sterile and stingy Nature, as if too much handiwork or too much lymph in the temperament were making our Western wits fat and mean. I give you joy of your free and brave thought. I have great joy in it. I find incomparable things said incomparably well. † The ideas that Emerson referred to as â€Å"incomparable things said incomparably well† Thoreau was later to characterize as â€Å"wonderfully like the Orientals. † For the long opening poem of Leave of Grass – â€Å"Song of Myself† – contains Whitman’s exultant concept of â€Å"myself† in which he expressess the essence of Vedantic mysticism. Mysticism, as it is understood by the Vedantist and as it finds expression in â€Å"Song of Myself† is a way of embracing the other, the objective world, in an inclusive conception of Selfhood. It is a way of finding the World in the Self and as the Self. Like the â€Å"Cosmic Form† described in the Gita and the Dynamic Self of the Upanishads, Whitman’s â€Å"Self† sweeps through the Cosmos and embraces it: What is a man anyhow? What am I? and what axe you? In all people I see myself, none more and not one a barleycorn less And the good on bad I say of myself I say of them. And I know I am solid and sound, To me the converging objects of the universe perpetually flow, All are written to me, and I must get what the writing means. And 1 know I am death less. † The critic Malcolm Cowley points out that Whitman’s mysticism has its counterpart in modern Indian writing too. Sri Ramakrishna writes, â€Å"The Divine Mother revealed to me in the Kali temple that it was She who had become everything. She showed me that everything was full of Consciousness [Divinity], the Image of Consciousness, the altar was Consciousness, the water-vessels were Consciousness, the door sill was Consciousness, the marble floor was Consciousness†¦. I saw a wicked man in front of the Kali temple; but in him I saw the power of the Divine Mother vibrating. † Earlier in the 19th Century, Whitman had written: I hear and behold God in every object†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ I see something of God each hour of the twenty-four, and each moment then, In the faces of men and women I see God, and in my own face in the glass; I find letters from God chopped in the street, and everyone is signed by God’s name. ’ While there are innumerable points of similarity in thought and experience between Whitman and Oriental scripture, in some respects Whitman goes against the mainstream of Indian Philosophy. â€Å"Unlike most of the Indian sages, for example, he was not a thoroughgoing idealist. He did not believe that the whole world of the senses, of desires, of birth and death, was only maya, illusion, nor did he hold that it was a sort of purgatory; instead he praised the world as real and joyful. He did not despise the body, but proclaimed that it was as miraculous as the soul. He was too good a citizen of the nineteenth century to surrender his faith in material progress as the necessary counterpart of spiritual progress. Although he yearned for ecstatic union with the soul or Oversoul, he did not try to achieve it by subjugating the senses, as advised by yogis and Buddhists alike; on the contrary, he thought the ‘merge’ could also be achieved by a total surrender to the senses. † Thoreau, Emerson, Whitman – they were all good citizens of the nineteenth century and of the West. In the bulk of their work, all three writers built on native American material and embodied American attitudes, especially the concepts of individualism and self-reliance. Perhaps the most fitting commentary on their relationship to Indian literature was made by Gandhi after reading Emerson’s Essays: â€Å"The essays to my mind contain the teaching of Indian wisdom in a Western ‘guru’. It is interesting to see our own sometimes differently fashioned. † ****** ****** ******

Free Essays on Judaism And The Three Branches

Running head: JUDAISM AND THE THREE BRANCHES Abstract When contemplating the concept of Judaism, or what is conceived as the Jewish religion, most non-Jews are unaware of the fact that there are three branches of Judaism. The three branches are Orthodox, Reformed and Conservative. (Domnitz, 11) This study will analyze, compare and distinguish the three branches. It will also dissect their origins, beliefs and ways of practicing their religions and discover what distinguishes them. What is Judaism? Judaism is a not just a religion but a way of culture for Jews. The two are blended together to create a religious way of life which is demonstrated through the food they eat, the way they speak (Hebrew or Yiddish), the way they pray and a deep belief in their religion. Being Jewish is not a race; there are Jews in many countries. They speak different languages and may be of any color. Anyone can become a Jew who believes in the Jewish religion, and obeys its laws and traditions according to the religious authorities (Fisher, 4). According to Jewish law, any person whose mother is Jewish is Jewish, whether or not he or she is religious. Some people consider themselves to be Jewish even if only their father is Jewish. You can also convert and become Jewish. Jews who actively follow Judaism as a religion are called practicing or observant Jews. Jews who do not, are called secular Jews (Stoppleman, 5). Jewish history began over four thousand years ago in the Middle East (Fisher, 5). It is also considered to be the base of other religions, such as Christianity and Islam. Jewish immigration to the United States began in the mid-nineteenth century. By 1880, there were 250,000 Jews in the United States, mostly of German origin, and middle class in occupations and attitudes (Fisher, 258). There are more than 17 million Jews throughout the world, with the majority living in the U.S. and Israel. Israel is considered... Free Essays on Judaism And The Three Branches Free Essays on Judaism And The Three Branches Running head: JUDAISM AND THE THREE BRANCHES Abstract When contemplating the concept of Judaism, or what is conceived as the Jewish religion, most non-Jews are unaware of the fact that there are three branches of Judaism. The three branches are Orthodox, Reformed and Conservative. (Domnitz, 11) This study will analyze, compare and distinguish the three branches. It will also dissect their origins, beliefs and ways of practicing their religions and discover what distinguishes them. What is Judaism? Judaism is a not just a religion but a way of culture for Jews. The two are blended together to create a religious way of life which is demonstrated through the food they eat, the way they speak (Hebrew or Yiddish), the way they pray and a deep belief in their religion. Being Jewish is not a race; there are Jews in many countries. They speak different languages and may be of any color. Anyone can become a Jew who believes in the Jewish religion, and obeys its laws and traditions according to the religious authorities (Fisher, 4). According to Jewish law, any person whose mother is Jewish is Jewish, whether or not he or she is religious. Some people consider themselves to be Jewish even if only their father is Jewish. You can also convert and become Jewish. Jews who actively follow Judaism as a religion are called practicing or observant Jews. Jews who do not, are called secular Jews (Stoppleman, 5). Jewish history began over four thousand years ago in the Middle East (Fisher, 5). It is also considered to be the base of other religions, such as Christianity and Islam. Jewish immigration to the United States began in the mid-nineteenth century. By 1880, there were 250,000 Jews in the United States, mostly of German origin, and middle class in occupations and attitudes (Fisher, 258). There are more than 17 million Jews throughout the world, with the majority living in the U.S. and Israel. Israel is considered...

Government has a Strong Role in Transformation of Modern HR Practice

Government has a Strong Role in Transformation of Modern HR Practice Introduction:Human resource management is a distinctive approach to employment management which seeks to achieve competitive advantage through the strategic deployment of a highly committed and capable workforce, using an array of cultural, structural and personnel techniques. Human Resources is still largely caught up in its traditional, transactional role, stated in different books and journals, but HR leaders are rethinking their structure, staffing models and required competencies for the eventual shift to a more strategic profession. HR people have to take the plunge and commit to measuring key business outcomes and not worry about who looks good or bad but focus on improvement.Companies are continuously changing and adapting to remain competitive, so the HR department has to adapt to these changes and be able to respond more rapidly to organizational change. HR needs to be seen as a strategic business partner that can add real value to the company and improve business competiti veness.The Seat of GovernmentToday, conventional government is being tested like never before. Issues such as pandemics, aging populations, climate change, rising citizen expectations and public safety are both global and local in nature. To address these types of complex challenges, public sector organizations at all levels need to transform in our country relating to the way they deliver services, internally and to citizens. We are seeing the emergence of a new model in the European and North American countries where government executives redefine their core responsibilities from managing people and programs to coordinating resources to produce public value. This new model of governing by network is characterized by the web of multiorganizational and multi-governmental relationships that increasingly constitute modern governance. Tackling such complex change demands a comprehensive and integrated approach. ¢Ã‚€Â ¢- these are the challenges that today's governments must addres s.The Government of Bangladesh should undergo significant transformation in the...

Shareable Content 15 Ways to Create It That Will Explode Your Traffic

Shareable Content 15 Ways to Create It That Will Explode Your Traffic You see a piece of content and less than a day later it’s all over the web. It looks like its creators didn’t even try, and suddenly  as if by magic, thousands of people are sharing it. Then there’s your content. You’re sending it out everyone on social media and via email. Yet, you’re not gaining the traction that you want. There is a way to fix that. At least 15 of them, in fact, which were about to run through. In this blog post you’re going to learn: What  makes viral content so shareable? How can you replicate those shareable traits with your own content? What highly shared content really looks like. What are you waiting for? Check out our top tips for creating shareable content and  find success for yourself. 15 Ways To Create Shareable Content That Will Explode Your TrafficDownload Your Shareable Content Tips Infographic As a bonus, weve included this fact-packed infographic with interesting stats on shareable content. Download it and keep it on hand for any time you need a reminder about what makes shareable content so important. 1.  Do Competitive Research One of the easiest ways to create content people want to pass around is to look at what's worked for others. So, creep on your competitors! Looking at what your competitors are doing and what their audience is reacting to is a great way to find insights on the content your audience wants to see. Here’s a list of what you need to do to be a successful competitor-tracking Sherlock Holmes: Make a list of your top five competitors and the social media channels you both are on. Where are you competitors at online? If you’re on the same channels that means that you’re directly competing with them for traffic. Take a look at the last six months of content that they have published.  This will involve a lot of scrolling and note taking. Are they publishing blogs, videos, or some other type of content? What types of content are you publishing that are similar to theirs? Note content that has gotten high engagement on each channel. If videos are going over well for your competitor on Facebook take note of that. Then look at specifics, what are they doing in those videos that is causing a reaction from their audience? Use their high engagement content to inspire your own content.  By seeing what your intended audience is already reacting too you can take those conceptions and make them your own. Take what your competitors are writing about and make it 10x better. Make your audience see that you are the best option. Create content that shows your audience you're the best option.2. Tell A Story With Your Content Next, let's cover how to craft strong storytelling content. Why is storytelling an important part of creating shareable content? Because it allows your audience to see themselves in a given situation, making it more relatable to their day-to-day experience. So how can you make your content tell a story for your audience? Craft your content so it has a clear beginning, middle, and end. At the end of it you should be able to answer the question, â€Å"Did my content relate to my audience and get them from point A to point B clearly?† So let’s map that out. or each piece of content that you create, write down the following: The problem that your audience is experiencing. The solution that your product or company can provide. How are you going to tell a story that will take your audience from Point A to Point B? Think about the steps it takes for a consumer to start with a problem and arrive at a solution: How can you create storytelling content for social media? Take a look at this post from State Farm Insurance: Some surprises are bigger than others. No matter what, were here to help. Posted by State Farm on Monday, June 13, 2016 The video does a few things. First, it introduces a pair of common problems; one is that is a bit light-hearted and one more serious. Both of these problems or experiences people can relate to. The video continues and leads viewers from Point A (being able to buy products you love and possibly having them stolen) to Point B (learning that State Farm can protect you should the worst happen to your new purchase). The video resolves by showing the audience that no matter the situation, State Farm will be there in the good times to reward them and in the bad times to help them. The copy is short but the video still tells a story with a bit of humor.  And since it's on social media, it's naturally convenient to share. Recommended Reading: How to Write a Video Script That Will Make $100,000,000 (Free Kit) 3. Validate Your Audience’s Opinions Another way to create shareable content is to validate your audience’s opinions. Content that reinforces the opinions your audience holds is easy to share because they now have proof from a reliable source (you!) that their opinions are correct. So how do you create that content? You need to think back to your audience. What do they like and believe in? For example, if I was targeting marketers, I  could talk about topics I know the marketing community has polarizing opinions around. That might include something like hashtag usage on Facebook (don't do it) or using automated direct messages on Twitter (again, that's another one in the "don't" column). I know that people in my target audience care about these topics because they’re relevant to their jobs. There’s also the fact that people will have an opinion on whether or not my observations are correct. So how can you find that information? Think about your demographic, what are they interested in? What do people in your industry care about? What do they have differentiating opinions on? What are some of the opinions that you have already posted about? What did your audience have a positive reaction towards? If they feel a certain way about something, you can probably guess they have a certain belief. So what does this type of content look like in action? Take a look at this Facebook post from Girl Develop It: .TechRepublic names their top 10 cities for #womenintech in the US. Nearly all of them have a local GDI chapter! http://tek.io/2nfsGWb Posted by Girl Develop It onTuesday, March 28, 2017 While Girl Develop It didn’t write the article that they shared (and that’s okay) this article would still appeal to the beliefs of their audience. Why? Because they are an organization focused on getting women involved in tech by teaching them how to code. So it would make sense that their audience would be excited about cities that higher a lot of women in the tech field. Encourage social shares by reaffirming your audience's beliefs, values, goals, and opinions.3. How Can You Use Controversy In Your Content? Why would you want to cause controversy with your content? That seems like the exact opposite of what you would want to do. Wouldn’t you rather have people agree with you? Not necessarily. You can actually cause your audience to become more certain in their opinions because they want to prove that they’re right. So how can you create the content that will play devil’s advocate to your audience’s opinions? Your exercise this time will be the reverse of the previous one. If your audience aligns their values on one side of an argument, how could you reintroduce the other side to encourage shares? So what does this content look like? Let’s go back to the marketer targeting example from earlier. Check out this tweet from Luis Costa: Will Writing That E-Book Really Boost Your Business? https://t.co/Vcouf7BKYD Luà ­s Costa (@luiscostainfo) July 6, 2017 Often times people hear â€Å"publish your content, establish yourself as an expert in the field.† One of the ways that marketers can do that is by publishing an e-book. It makes sense right? They’re easy to self-publish and you have a wealth of information to share. But what if that ebook isn’t necessarily your best option? That’s exactly what this article does. It takes a commonly held assumption, flips it on its head and plays devil’s advocate. Doing this causes one of two things to happen. Either: You’ll click the post because you want to see what this person is talking about. You know you’re right and you want to see where the author came to that conclusion so you can argue and reinforce your own ideas. Drive social shares by contradicting a widely held opinion.4. Create Incentives For Sharing Your Content Everybody likes free stuff right? Whether it’s a T-shirt or a strategy template, free stuff often equals content shares. People like getting a reward for the time it takes to do, well, anything, too. So, how does this relate to content? You can help increase your shares by incentivizing your audience to take action. So how can you find out what your audience likes? You guessed it, more exercises yay! Take a look at past giveaways, free downloads, and other incentives you’ve offered your audience. Did you incentivize anything there? If so, what did your audience respond well to? So what does incentivizing your content look like? Take a look at this tweet from Passion Planner: You can win this beautiful wall tapestry Undated Passion Planner by following 2 easy steps:😄1. Follow @passion_planner 2. RT this post pic.twitter.com/CqnRdwiSgo Passion Planner (@passion_planner) May 24, 2017 They encourage shares because it’s what will enter them to win a fun prize package. And entering to win is simple, all they have to do is click a button. So how can you do this for your own content? Decide what your giveaway or incentive for people to share your content will be. Set a date and time that their shares need to be done by. Remember to add CST, PST, especially if your fan base spans across the country. For Twitter, it’s relatively easy to track shares because all you have to do is count retweets. Facebook is a little more difficult to track shares because you won’t be able to see the actual shared post unless their post settings are set to public. Once your deadline has passed,  review your content shares and select a winner. Send out posts letting your fans know that a winner has been selected and tag them so they can claim their prize. For more information, this detailed guide on running social media contests  from Hubspot is a great resource. Shareable #content #tip: Give people an incentive to share your stuff.5. Appeal To Your Audience’s Values Another way to connect your audience to your content and encourage them to share it is to create content that revolves around their values. Your audience wants to know that the values of your company or product align with theirs. Connecting their values to your content is one way to show that you care. Okay, so that’s great advice but how do you implement it? We’re going back into your audience research. You know what your audience believes and some of the basic demographics of your target audience. You may have to generalize a bit, but what would your target demographic care about? For example, if you’re targeting new moms, maybe your content connects to a fundraiser for the March of Dimes. Or, maybe your audience cares about products that are made in the USA so you run a blog post on how the new line of products coming into your store Or, maybe your audience cares about products that are made in the USA, so you run a blog post on how the newest line of products coming into your store is made in the USA only. One way to figure out the values of your audience is to look to your past content. What values have you talked about before that your audience has made a connection with? Now, what does that content look like in action? Take the ASPCA for example. Everyone likes cute puppies and kitties, they tug at your heartstrings and make you feel. Here is a cute fluffy puppy to prove my point: The ASPCA does a great job creating content that encourages people to share content because who doesn’t want to see a tiny kitten get adopted? Meet our Pet of the Week, Bellona! Shes sweet, curious and attentive, help us find her a home please RT! https://t.co/jQyqRyqBrP pic.twitter.com/E00bFzg8kZ ASPCA (@ASPCA) June 20, 2017 It’s simple values and content that make it easy for your audience to want to share it.  The easiest way to do this is to create posts that state the values of your company. You could format them like: You care about [Value]. At [Brand name] we do to! At [Insert Brand Name] we’re constantly looking forward which is why we believe in [Value]. Our customers believe in [Value], [Value] and [Value]. At [Brand Name] we do too. Recommended Reading: How to Write for Social Media to Create the Best Posts 6. Make Your Content Useful In order to encourage shares, your content needs to be useful to your audience. This is so important that the New York Times did a study  and found that 90% of users will assess the usefulness of the content before sharing it. So how do you ensure the content you’re creating is useful to your audience? First, think about the question or problem that your content is addressing. What are you trying to help your audience solve? Then your content needs to provide step by step information on how to solve the problem or answer the question. These steps can include your product or exclude it, depending on what you’re looking to do. Your final step will include some sort of CTA. This could be as simple as a click-to-tweet button or an encouragement to share this post with someone else who would gain more by seeing the information you provide. So what does that content look like in real life? Content that is useful to our audience is something that we strive to create at every day. We want our content to be actionable and help our readers, help themselves: Our blog posts tell our reader exactly what they’re going to learn when they take the time to read our content, letting them decide if it’s useful to them or not. Our social posts will also carry out the same tone that our audience is going to be getting useful information out of our blog posts that they could then share with their colleagues: With a solid strategy in place, you can (as we say at ), plan your work, and then work your plan with this guide: http://cos.sc/2tJzguK Posted by onWednesday, July 5, 2017 7. Keep Your Content Simple Another tip for creating shareable content is to keep it simple. Your audience should be able to get the entire idea out of an article without having to read the whole thing. More often than not your audience is in a hurry and you need to be able to capture their attention in a short amount of time. In fact, Hubspot published  a whole infographic on how our attention span today is shorter than a goldfish- it’s 8.5 seconds long. TL;DR (Too Long, Didn’t Read) is a real thing. So, how do you create simple content that gets the entirely of your point across fast? First, you need a solid introduction. At we aim to have our blog introductions to be about a 100 words or so and follow the format of: Introduction to problem audience is experiencing. Show that there is a better process that they could use to the fix problem. Create a bulleted list of three points that summarize what they are going to gain or learn from reading the blog post. It’s those three main bullet points are key to use creating a successful introduction because our audience can skim down and know if they article contains the right information that they are looking for. You can also simplify your content by breaking up it up into short skim-worthy lists by: Sticking to two to three sentences per paragraph. Using multiple headers. Breaking up text or translating it to images or infographics. 8. Establish Trust And Credibility With Your Content Your content will pick up more shares when you can establish trust and credibility. Random websites that claim the world is going to end tomorrow probably aren’t going to pick up a lot of traffic because there is no trust there. However, content that is thoroughly back by other credible sources suddenly seems more trustworthy. So how can you create a credible piece of content?

The impact of advice and guidance on student retention at college of Essay

The impact of advice and guidance on student retention at college of further education - Essay Example In other words, we could say that education is what makes a person. For the past thirty years or so, researchers have been showing a keen interest in relatively two specific areas which are correlated to both schools and colleges. One area is school effectiveness and the other is school improvement. This study is going to investigate some of the key points relating to student retention and how guidance and advice can make a huge difference in children making the right choices where their education id concerned. The study is also going to examine the key factors that are responsible for colleges to be effective. It is also going to focus on those areas that deal with how these colleges make use of necessary tools in order that it becomes more effective. Besides these two important notions, most educators and researchers are of the opinion that education does make a huge difference in the life of the student. The research is going to examine those departments within a college in order to seek out and know how some colleges are much better than the rest, what makes them better and how the staff and heads of department develop and implement measures to enhance student’s performance and maintain a very good track record for conduct as well as learning outcomes. Different researchers place their emphasis slightly differently but the following list of factors drawn from Reynolds et al (1997) and Mortimore (1998) seems to be reasonably accepted – Therefore the following areas would be examined in this study – The literature review is going to examine some of the important facets that are necessary to mitigate Student Retention in colleges. It is also going to highlight different ways and means that could help students to make the right choices where their education is concerned. When referring to some of the demographic factors it is said that ‘In Britain, withdrawn students do not have a markedly different profile from completing

Social Performance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Social Performance - Essay Example In this case, there are different types of categories who have interest in the BP Power project. The table below shows the stakeholder list and their roles. In this case, BP power management and employees are the primary stakeholders since they are directly involved in carrying out the work. The members of the community are the secondary stakeholders since they are impacted by the project though some of them are not directly involved. Table 1: Stakeholder list and roles Stakeholders Interests/ roles in the project BP Power -Project coordinator - should act as a role models in society by being socially responsible to the people targeted. Community members - participating at grassroots levels to ensure that the project is a success -Generation as well as sharing of knowledge about their area. BP Power employees Responsible for executing the actual project 2. It is recommended that stakeholder involvement in the project should be given priority in a bid to positively influence the desti ny of the business being undertaken in this scenario. Basically, this particular project is mainly concerned with creating a sense of asset management among the intended beneficiaries so that they can also have a positive feeling towards development projects that are meant to uplift their welfare in their respective communities. Thus, the success of this project can be determined by the involvement of the members of the local communities. It is therefore recommended that the coordinators of this project should actively involve the community members in different aspects of the project such as decision making since they are the ones who will be directly impacted by the project. The community members can provide invaluable knowledge about their area to the project coordinators which also helps to improve the way a project is carried out. It is also recommended that teamwork among the employees of the company should be promoted since this helps in creating and sharing of knowledge that is vital in carrying out this work. It is also recommended that the management should adopt a democratic, participatory leadership style that is open to all members involved in the project. Mutual understanding is likely to be achieved if this style of leadership is used in carrying out a project of this magnitude. 3. Being the CEO responsible for coordinating the project, I would encourage stakeholders to form coalition teams responsible for carrying out different tasks in the project. For instance, I would encourage the employees to work as teams and these teams would be responsible for executing different tasks in the project. The success of a given project mainly depends with teamwork among the people responsible for carrying out the work. As a leader, I would facilitate team formation and give the much needed support to all the stakeholders so that they can share the same vision of the project. I would also promote learning among the team members so that they can generate vital knowledge about different aspects of the project. I would also make an effort to form a coalition of influential community members who can positively influence other people in their respective areas to take a positive approach towards the project since it would be designed to

Humility vs arrogance Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Humility vs arrogance - Research Paper Example Often, it is an arrogance that has caused a disruption within an individual’s ability to cope. Therefore, in helping a congregate to understand the difference between humility and arrogance, a pastor can help a congregate to find a way to cope with the trouble that has entered their life. From an ethical perspective of studying the idea of humility, one can define the term as representing According to Grenberg (2005) who explores the ways in which Kant discussed humility, the term represents the perspective that an individual takes about themselves in comparison to their commitment to moral values and principles. In other words, humility means that what one does is measured against what one believes, knowing that as a human, one will never fully achieve that infinite state of grace that is defined by those moral values. Humility helps an individual to accept their own limitations, finding a substantive measure of balance which can then be extended to understand the limitations of others. Khalsa (2009) defines humility as the solid foundation of an â€Å"authentically spiritual, healthy, and whole human being† (210). The state of humility is founded in a sense of realism, created from the perspective of openness to both the virtues and the failures that reside within everyone. Humility can be a very difficult state to define. Everts (2009) suggests that one of the ways that to examine the concept of humility is to look at what does not define it. Humility is not a virtue that is easily defined by American ideals and standards of cultural beliefs about life. Vanity, presumption, celebrity, arrogance and namedropping â€Å"are the air we breath in this country† (p. 115). Therefore, it is not an easy concept for Americans to define because it is not part of the public discourse on how heroism is defined. Humility is not self-deprecation, it does not find definition in â€Å"feigning ignorance of accomplishments so other will loudly declare the m (Everts, 2009, p. 115). An old concept that can be used to define humility is that of ‘poverty of spirit’. The only true way to understand ‘poverty of spirit’ is in seeing the richness of spirit that resides within Jesus. Within this comparison, one can find humility. It is not a state of diminishing one’s own existence, but in seeing that it is imperfect and needs daily care in order to strive towards the richness of spirit that can be seen in Christ (Everts, 2009, p. 116). Newman (1991) discusses a different aspect of humility. While he acknowledges that humility has been widely discussed, he frames an argument that it has been overemphasized as important. He states that the emphasis on humility takes away from the empowerment that religious spiritual experience can give to a person. The elevated states that are derived from the intellectual love of God can be subverted by the application of humility to them. Newman (1991) quotes Ludwig Feuerbach as saying that â€Å"Christian humility is an inverted arrogance; the believer feels himself preeminent, though as a result of grace rather than his own striving† (p. 81). However, Newman (1991) still believes that there is virtue in humility . That the humble person will experience acceptance of themselves, their nature accepted for its flaws rather than denied because of them. He states that â€Å"

Clinical use of Forgiveness Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Clinical use of Forgiveness - Research Paper Example motes healthy interpersonal relations as it makes it easier people to get along with each other in good spirit and with no grudges held against one another (Braaten and Darling, 1962). It is based on such studies that the current research paper is being conducted as a means of using quantitative strategies and data collection approaches to test the validity of this position held in literature. But more importantly, the researcher holds the position that before the benefits of forgiveness can be experienced there must first be a means by which forgiveness can take place. In the light of this, the study also focuses on selected factors that can influence the ability of people to forgive each other. On the whole, the study comes as a two-way approach which first focuses on factors that bring about forgiveness and the outcome of forgiveness. To do this, a various sample sizes made up of people with some level of religious background and those with no religious backgrounds were set. The reason for doing this was to measure religiosity and its impact on affecting a person to be forgiving. There were different outcomes that were measured in the various sample groups. These included behavior, affect and cognition. Later in the study, the findings of the intervention on its ability to lead to forgives and the outcome of such interventions are presented and discussed. It is widely known that religiosity and forgiveness have a positive impact on an individual’s psychological, emotional, and physical wellbeing. Numerous studies have attested to the fact that religiosity and forgiveness moderate the growth of suicidal ideation, especially for adolescents. However, even though these correlations are well-documented further research is still needed in this area because of some major gaps in the literature, like the use of cross-cultural methods in examining the correlation between forgiveness and suicidal ideation. Therefore, this study formulated three hypotheses,

An Allegory of Divine Wisdom and the Fine Arts by Paolo de' Matteis & Essay

An Allegory of Divine Wisdom and the Fine Arts by Paolo de' Matteis & Pictura by Frans van Mieris the Elder - Essay Example The essay "An Allegory of Divine Wisdom and the Fine Arts by Paolo de' Matteis & Pictura by Frans van Mieris the Elder" explores paintings by Divine Wisdom, Paolo de' Matteis and Frans van Mieris the Elder. Divine Wisdom is a conglomeration of many subjects to include men, women, angelic beings, and artifacts of a compass and a drawing, clock, laurel wreath, and paddle while Pictura is of a lone woman holding a palette, brushes, and a small plaster sculpture for a model for larger works. Hanging from her neck is a mask on a chain. Divine wisdom suggests a hierarchy of the disciplines where Science is paramount before Painting and Architecture, which may point to the necessity for these two fields of human interest to uphold principles, facts, and knowledge. But these may have to be tempered with Virtue, Time (the clock) and Truth (the unfolding canvass). On the other hand Pictura is said to refer to the Arts and seems to warn of the capacity of art itself to deceive sights through th e art of illusions as suggested by the mask. Both paintings expectedly were influenced by the stylistic characteristics of their period, the masters with whom the painters worked, and the clients of these painters. Paolo trained under Luca Giordano which explains his leanings toward naturalism, a trademark of the Neapolitan school. In his Divine wisdom, he employed the delicate graceful manner (the hand of Science, for example), an influence of a French master, but â€Å"broke into baroque† as exemplified by the rich his work.

Clinical use of Forgiveness Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Clinical use of Forgiveness - Research Paper Example motes healthy interpersonal relations as it makes it easier people to get along with each other in good spirit and with no grudges held against one another (Braaten and Darling, 1962). It is based on such studies that the current research paper is being conducted as a means of using quantitative strategies and data collection approaches to test the validity of this position held in literature. But more importantly, the researcher holds the position that before the benefits of forgiveness can be experienced there must first be a means by which forgiveness can take place. In the light of this, the study also focuses on selected factors that can influence the ability of people to forgive each other. On the whole, the study comes as a two-way approach which first focuses on factors that bring about forgiveness and the outcome of forgiveness. To do this, a various sample sizes made up of people with some level of religious background and those with no religious backgrounds were set. The reason for doing this was to measure religiosity and its impact on affecting a person to be forgiving. There were different outcomes that were measured in the various sample groups. These included behavior, affect and cognition. Later in the study, the findings of the intervention on its ability to lead to forgives and the outcome of such interventions are presented and discussed. It is widely known that religiosity and forgiveness have a positive impact on an individual’s psychological, emotional, and physical wellbeing. Numerous studies have attested to the fact that religiosity and forgiveness moderate the growth of suicidal ideation, especially for adolescents. However, even though these correlations are well-documented further research is still needed in this area because of some major gaps in the literature, like the use of cross-cultural methods in examining the correlation between forgiveness and suicidal ideation. Therefore, this study formulated three hypotheses,

Discussion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 76

Discussion - Essay Example Target countries could be developed or emerging economies. In this respect, product quality is critical to consumer tastes and preferences. Any country or economy can make high quality or low quality products. For example, china is a leading global economy but most of her industrial products are perceived to be low quality. Emerging economies, therefore, have the potential to outperform China in terms of product quality. Personally, I agree with the India-China comparison. Both developed and emerging economies have their strengths and weaknesses. In this respect, the primary factors to consider are consumer preferences, product price, and product quality based on past purchases reviews. I agree with the argument that social, economic, and political factors play a significant role in influencing consumer perceptions. Issues of free trade, product price, brand loyalty, and country of origin elicit mixed reactions with regard to product quality. However, consumer satisfaction outweighs all forms of

Operatiom Process of Kfc Essay Example for Free

Operatiom Process of Kfc Essay Throughout the industry of fast-food, there were so many organisations which gained power and title for them, such as McDonald, Pizza Hut, Burger King, Pizza Domino, etc. In the list of these successful fast-food organisations, KFC is also one of the best organisation which gained their title and power for more than 80 years. KFC is a chain of fast food restaurants and first established known as Yum! Brands. However, the organisation name has been change since 1952. Until now, KFC – Kentucky Fried Chicken is the third largest fast-food organisation in the world. KFC has more than 14,000 outlets and in more than 80 countries around the world, serving about 12 million customers each day. (KFC Franchise Opportunity, 2007) PART 1 II – BUILDING BLOCKS: First of all, we need to analyze the general process of KFC. For the customer’s order, customer can have many choices to order food and meal from KFC. They can choose to dine in KFC restaurant which the process was order food, pay for food, eating food and leave. Or customer may order for delivering with fast or normal service, for a family’s meal or a party. More convenient, if customer is driving car, they can choose whether to park the car then dine in the restaurant or buying food by the fast service of KFC. * KFC general restaurant layout: KFC’s restaurant layout also has helped the organisation. In order to have a good layout, KFC’s purpose was planning and arrangement of all machines, utilities, staff room, kitchen, customer service areas, material storage areas, aisles, restrooms, internal walls, offices, and children area, which aim for the good flow of materials and customer. Moreover, also need to consider about the time, for example, demand for food of customer may high during breakfast, lunch and dinner. Parents may choose the KFC restaurant for running a birthday parties for their children on Saturday or Sunday and some other different event. By understanding the important of time and location, management of KFC can determine what size or how big their outlets should be in order to appropriate on each different circumstance and environment condition. * Value Added: The capacity of KFC restaurant which means how big the restaurant should be and where it should be locate is also important and contribute greatly to their operating management. If their outlets locate in a good place and got many good conditions for them such as skill labor, good supplier, high business climate or populated areas, their operating process will get started easier and more effectively. 4/ WORKFORCE: KFC has a slogan for their employees were that â€Å"makes more friends, earn some cash†.

Examining The Social Structure Theories In The Economy Criminology Essay

Examining The Social Structure Theories In The Economy Criminology Essay Social structure theories assert that the disadvantaged economic class position is a primary cause of crime.   The theories state that neighborhoods which are lower class force of strain, frustration and disorganization that create crime (Shanali-Justicia). Social Disorganization, Strain Theory and Culture Deviance are a few of the social structure criminology theories that are used to explain crime. Other social theories that fall into this category are Culture of Poverty and the truly disadvantage theory. The theory of social disorganization is that crime and delinquency is caused when communities fail. There is a breakdown of families, church, schools and government in the community. Social disorganization theorizes that these relationships reinforce positive behavior, a sense of community responsibility and concern for the social network within a close area (Hardy, 2010). When these relationships breakdown or do not exist the communities and its inhabitants lose its sense of structure and this is believed to be the causation of crime and delinquent behavior. The cycle of Social Disorganization is thought to start with poverty, where there is lack of opportunities and racial discrimination. The lack of opportunities breaks down the social institutions and organizations and this leads to the erosion of traditional values. This breakdown leads juveniles to seek the acceptance from peers and a sense of belonging from gangs. Once these gangs form there is a loss of social control or it b ecomes less effective. When this control is lost neighborhoods become more prone to crime and this detracts from investors which reduces opportunities in the community. Eventually this becomes the norm and this way of life is passed onto the next generation. The formation of criminal careers if formed and the cycle continues for some while others grow out of their delinquent phase. Populace in these disorganized areas can feel neglected, frustrated and ostracized from the economic mainstream, they develop feelings of hopelessness and anger which sociologist state are signs of strain (Siegel Welsch, 2008, p. 89). This strain develops and theorist state it leads people to commit criminal offenses, because they lack the opportunities for success. The opportunity for a better life seems to be beyond their reach, so people turn to deviant behavior to achieve their goals because they feel that society has let them down. Cultural Deviance Theory is a combination of both the effects of social disorganization and strain. It is thought that the lower socio-economic populaces create an independent subculture where they have their own rules and values. Juveniles in lower class neighborhoods adapt to their environment, they become cynical and have no respect for authority. Conventional values make little sense to a youth whose role models may include gun runner, drug deale rs and pimps (Siegel Welsch, 2008, p. 91). Teachers and other authority figures become secondary citizens to these juveniles and they cannot conform to the rules as other members of society do. These juveniles experience a form of culture conflict as a result they never achieve their goals and eventually get caught up in the life of gangs and deviant behavior. The populace of this poverty culture is marked by frustration of their environment. There is a lack of trust of police and government and this mistrust stalls people from this environment from seeking other advantageous opportunities or ones that are available to them. The results of this environment are depression and possibly psychological issues. Inner-cities that suffer from economic changes have an increase of crime; they become ingrained in a cycle of poverty, unemployment and crime. These people are considered the truly disadvantage living in communities with poorly organized social networks, alienated populations and high crime (Siegel Welsch, 2008, p. 85) Theorists such as Clifford Shaw, Henry McKay, and Robert Merton have similar views on social structure theories. While Elijah Anderson believed that juveniles committed crimes because of their socio-economic living conditions there were rendered incapable of achieving success (Siegel Welsch, 2008, p. 92). A juvenile turned to crime because it was their only way of achieving success. They feel that their only option is to join gangs and engage in behavior that is deviant. Clifford Shaw and Henry McKay believe that delinquency is mainly the consequence of a collapse of institutional, community-based controls (Wong, 2009). Shaw and McKay believed that people that lived in situations such as these responded to the disorganization of their environment. They believe that delinquent behavior was a result of social disorganization, because the neighborhoods they lived in were transitional neighborhoods. This was an area where there was a shift in population; the middle class neighborhood would transition to a mixture of lower class people. When this transition would occur the family would become rooted in the neighborhood and the values that they developed such as belonging to gangs and criminal behavior would be passed onto the next generation. Similar to Shaw and McKay, Robert Merton believe that society was the cause of deviant behavior, because society put pressure on people to achieve the American dream. Merton believed that society expected an individual to conform or either work within its structure. When a person cannot conform they become members of a deviant subculture. Merton argued that upper class children are less likely to commit delinquent acts because they have the means and ability to obtain an education and stable employment. While lower class juveniles do not have the same means they feel the social and psychological strain or anomie. Merton believed this condition caused juveniles to commit criminal acts to achieve their goals and even if they were offered the means to achieve these goals legally, they would reject those acceptable means of deviant ones (Siegel Welsch, 2008, p. 89). The theory that I most associate with my belief that juveniles commit crimes is the based Cultural Deviance theory. I think that juveniles conform to their environment and as a result have a lower set of goals and values than those of society. Juveniles that grow up in lower economic levels become hardened in their environment and develop an outer shell that shows no fear and have accepted because they play hard they will probably die young. These juveniles do not hesitate to use violence to get the message across nor do they consider the consequences of their actions. The goals that these juveniles set for themselves are reaching the top level in their gangs and increasing their drug sales. These juveniles cannot understand the concept of hard work and setting realistic goals like other members of society and because they fail to achieve success in life they are quick to blame the man for their failures.

Do the Friday the 13th films have more to offer than just gore? :: essays research papers

Do the Friday the 13th movies have more to offer then just gore? -=-=-=-=-=-=- If you have ever been to a Friday the 13th movie and thought that it was nothing more than ninety minutes of tasteless gore, you are not alone. However, the movies do have more to offer. In this horror series, there are many hidden messages. Although not everyone chooses to analyze them, they do play a role in the feeling people get when leaving the theatre or taking the video back to the rental store. The hidden messages in the films are presented differently, and have different meanings. The three most prominent messages involve having sex, doing drugs, and illegal drinking. If teens embark in any of the three, they usually die. Other messages include insecurity, swearing, taunting, trespassing, and smoking, but none are as prevalent as the first three mentioned. The enforcer of the hidden rules in the majority of Friday the 13th movies is Jason Voorhees (the killer). In the movie he was born in 1946. He lived in the woods close to Crystal Lake. In 1957, Jason drowned in Crystal Lake. Counselors were making out rather than paying attention to the swimming child. The body was never recovered, leaving speculation about Jason's demise. Pamela Voorhees goes insane, vowing to get revenge for her son. Many attempts to keep the camp running over the next twenty years end in murder, and the nickname of "Camp Blood" is given to Camp Crystal Lake. Though the nickname remains, the camp is finally set to reopen in 1979. A deranged Pamela would not let it happen, as she kills all of the counselors except one girl who finally stops the vicious attack, murdering her. The deaths do not stop, however, as Jason vows revenge for his mother. Although no proof is ever found of Jason, the locals derive that he has been living in the woods for over twenty years. Many people try, but no one has been able to stop Jason for good. The Crystal Lake murders are directly associated with young people and their flaws. Sex, drugs, and alcohol are always associated, with other character flaws inciting the murders. In the first two installments of this series, revenge plays a factor. Pamela murders to avenge the death of her son in Crystal Lake. In the second movie, Jason kills to avenge the death of his mother.

My Long and Prosperous Journey as a Writer Essay

When I take a look back at my first semester here at Mount Ida College, I cannot help but wonder if my time has been well spent. Am I in the right place? If so, am I making the best of a great, and also expensive, learning experience? I still am unaware of the profession that I want to pursue in life after college, but am taking it step by step in hopes to find what I truly desire in life. Professor Cosmos has made me realize my love for English and my passion for writing. Through the assignments that she has given, I have figured out my strengths and weaknesses as a writer. First and foremost, people who can write are those who know how to view a topic and how to present a situation. And this is enough to show that they have eyes. My most excellent strength as a writer is writing about personal experiences or fond family memories. It is also my favorite part of writing. I can sit at a computer for hours on end, typing away, as my emotions effortlessly pour out of my mind, body and soul. When I write about something that I enjoy, I become more confident, independent and capable of producing clear, powerful essays with integrity. My personal goals during the course have been to strengthen my weaknesses as a writer. My weakness comes from lack of motivation. When I am required to write a lengthy paper on a subject that is boring or unimportant to me as a person, the writing process is often tedious and mind numbing. Professor Cosmos allowed us to cut through all of that by giving us articles with interesting subject matters and topics that we could actually relate to. She provided a fun learning experience for her students, something that all college professors don’t necessarily have to do. Another weakness of mine that I wanted greatly to strengthen was my inability, or lack there of, to free-write. During my high school days, if I ever needed help on a paper, my mom would sit at the computer and assist me. I won’t lie, she has done a paper or two for me in the past, but then again, who hasn’t had a parent of theirs write a paper? As I sat back and watched her work, I remember being amazed at how she could write an entire page in the course of a half-hour. She would say, â€Å"There, I did the best that I could do. Look more:  how to write a process essay Now read over it and fine-tune it if need be. † I really do think her style of writing has rubbed off on me in some way or another. Over the semester, I feel as though my writing has improved greatly. Every time I write a paper, I e-mail it to my brother, who graduated from college last year. I appreciate his experience and wisdom, and when I need advice, most times he is able to provide it for me. I have also learned to use a wider array of vocabulary ? nothing too fancy, though, as I feel it can suffocate a writing of yours if you abuse it. I have always been a good student. In high school, I got so many remarks from my peers as being â€Å"the most organized kid they have ever seen. † I would even get the occasional â€Å"overachiever† remark, but I knew I wasn’t. It only arose from the people who were lazy and often came to class unprepared. I never failed in completing an assignment. There were a lot of days that I would come home from school and sit on the computer for five hours straight, plugging away until all of my homework was done. One of my pet peeves is leaving projects unfinished; and a goal of mine was that with every paper I wrote, I would attempt to make it better. If you’ve seen the movie Coach Carter, one of Coach’s personal philosophies is â€Å"If you strive to be 1% better each day, in 100 days you will be 100% better. † When it comes to criticism, I am very appreciative. I am not the kind of person who takes offense to criticism in terms of my writing. I welcome other’s ideas with open arms. In fact, criticism is a big part of writing in a college student’s life. If you have a tutor or mentor, and you bring them a paper of yours, they’re bound to make some sort of correction. It’s how well you take it that determines your success. Most research papers that I write, I go through maybe two or three rough drafts before I finalize. I enjoy hearing other’s opinions as it not only helps me form my own opinion but strengthen it, as well. This semester, I have learned how to capitalize on my strengths and how to overcome my weaknesses as a writer. I have also learned that through perseverance, hard work and determination, you could achieve just about anything. It’s helpful to keep that in mind during tough times, especially when final examinations roll around. It helps to keep a positive attitude and it also brings about confidence, to which you’re able to produce clear, powerful essays with integrity. A reaction paper that I wrote for Professor Cosmos based off of the article, â€Å"No One’s a Mystery,† by Elizabeth Tallent, proved to be one of the best papers I have ever written. It earned me an ? A’ and a comment that said, â€Å"Very good response! The best in both sections of English 101. † Re-reading it, I love the way I interpreted things and the message that I got out of it: Life consists of very many choices that should be made through the right state of mind. Even though there is no one to look upon you all the time and guide you in the right direction, you should always be able to discover what is right from wrong.

Study Abroad England

ENGL 378H/ IS 305H and ENGL 378/ IS 305 The Celts: Leprechauns, Braveheart, and Harry Potter Professor: Janet Morgan Haavisto, Ph. D. Course Description: This course is designed to encourage a clearer understanding of the influence the Celts (particularly the Irish and Scots) have exerted on the world and on themselves through their attempts to define their culture. We will examine the characteristics that the Celts have traditionally prized and validated. These characteristics have led the Irish from pre-St. Patrick, into their difficult relationship with the English, into Home Rule, and finally into the European Union.These characteristics have led the Scots from the Roman built Hadrian’s Wall to William Wallace (Braveheart) to a still resented union with England as part of Great Britain. Through literature and cultural studies, we will examine efforts to redefine â€Å"Celtishness† for the twenty-first century, along with the issues that must be addressed by all of t he constituents in the enterprise in this still divided cultural entity comprised of the British-ruled six counties of Northern Ireland and the free Republic of Ireland, as well as the nationalistic Scots with their justice and educational systems independent of England’s.Beginning with Joyce, Yeats, Synge, Swift, Harry Potter (J. K. Rowling), Stevenson, Scott, and Burns, we will examine the characteristics that have led the Scots through centuries of uneasy interaction with England and into the devastation of the clans and the diaspora resulting from the aftermath of the Battle of Culloden and the Highland Clearances. Likewise, we will examine the centuries of distress the Irish have endured in their relationship with the English.Contemporary Scots, however, live in a very different world—one in which they have moved from a position of perceived superiority in a time in which Hadrian built a wall to contain the â€Å"savage to the north† to a world in which the ir economy is still linked to England’s and their cultural makeup includes the many groups (Pakistanis, Bangladeshis, Indians, Asians, Africans, and yet more) who have entered the UK and who see themselves as â€Å"British. † The same situation presents a challenge for the Irish. This diversity is a far cry from the Celtic prototype of earlier centuries.Through literature and cultural studies, we will examine efforts to redefine â€Å"Scottishness† and Scotland as well as â€Å"Irishness† and Ireland. At the end of the course students will be able to: 1. discuss the issues involved in the effort to define â€Å"Irishness,† â€Å"Scottishness,† and â€Å"Celtishness†; 2. define â€Å"devolution† and discuss the impetus for it as well as the ramifications of it for the parties involved and engage in the debate about the efficacy of it; 3. discuss the likely impacts on the Irish and Scots of their definitions of themselves as a re sult of the Republic of Ireland’s and the United Kingdom’s entry into the European Union; 4. istinguish among terms, such as, â€Å"Ireland,† â€Å"Scotch Irish,† â€Å"United Kingdom,† â€Å"Great Britain,† â€Å"England,† â€Å"Briton,† â€Å"British,† â€Å"Celtic,† â€Å"Anglo-Saxon,† â€Å"Irish Gaelic,† â€Å"Scots language,† â€Å"Scots Gaelic,† and â€Å"Erse†; 5. explain how early legends helped define the characteristics commonly attributed to the Irish and the Scots; 6. discuss the impact of cultural diversity on the inhabitants of the Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland, and Scotland and how such cultural diversity complicates effort to define themselves and their cultures; 7. iscuss the issues of racism plaguing Ireland and Scotland and the difficulties racism causes in the effort to define themselves and their cultures; 8. distinguish among such terms as â€Å"Br itishness,† â€Å"Englishness,† â€Å"Welshness,† â€Å"Scottishness,† â€Å"Irishness† and discuss why distinctions are made among such terms; 9. discuss the significance of â€Å"orange† and â€Å"green† and tartans, harps, and bagpipes; 10. discuss some writers and their literature and the perspectives they shed on the issues of â€Å"Irishness† and â€Å"Scotchness† on attempts to accommodate Irish and Scots of many national and ethnic backgrounds; 11. iscuss the history and extent of Irish and Scots immigration and its effects on the development of the U. S. A. ; 12. explore why in the effort to redefine themselves both strong identification with the United States and anti-Americanism figure into the Irish and Scot effort to position their cultures in the world of the twenty-first century. Texts: Required for students taking this course for Honors credit (strongly recommended for all others): Cahill, Thomas. How the Irish Saved Civilization. ISBN-10: 0385418493 ISBN-13: 978-0385418492 Herman, Arthur. How the Scots Invented the Modern World.ISBN-10: 0609809997 ISBN-13: 978-0609809990 Webb, Jim. Born Fighting: How the Scots-Irish Shaped America. ISBN-10: 0767916891 ISBN-13: 978-0767916899 Required readings for all students: †¢ The Harry Potter series of 7 novels (You do not need to bring them all on the trip. Just read them before you come. ) †¢ Robert Lewis Stevenson's Kidnapped http://www. online-literature. com/stevenson/kidnapped/ †¢ Sir Walter Scott’s Ivanhoe (any edition) http://www. online-literature. com/walter_scott/ivanhoe/ †¢ Robert Burns’ poetry http://www. poetry-archive. com/b/burns_robert. html  ¬ â€Å"Auld Lang Syne†  ¬ â€Å"Bannockburn† â€Å"O My Luve’s Like a Red, Red Rose†  ¬ Tam O’Shanter (Burns original side-by-side with a standard English translation: http://www. worldburnsclub. com/poems/translati ons/446. htm) Online Selections Selections from The CAIN Project. University of Ulster Quote from the website: â€Å"This site contains information and source material on ‘the Troubles' and politics in Northern Ireland from 1968 to the present. There is also information on Northern Ireland society. New material is added regularly and there are also frequent updates, so information on particular pages may change. † http://cain. ulst. ac. uk/ The

Organizational Behavior Essay

Organizational Behavior Instructor: Rachana Misraraj December 10, 2012 Organizational Behavior Analysis Organizational Behavior is the study and application of knowledge about how people, individuals, and groups act in organizations. â€Å"Organizational behavior is a misnomer. It is not the study of how organizations behave, but rather the study of individual behavior in an organizational setting. This includes the study of how individuals behave alone, as well as how individuals behave in groups(Werthiem, 2004). † The purpose of organizational behavior is to gain a greater understanding of those factors that influence individual and group dynamics in an organizational setting so that individuals and the groups and organizations to which they belong may become more efficient and effective. The field also includes the analysis of organizational factors that may have an influence upon individual and group behavior. Much of organizational behavior research is ultimately aimed at providing human resource management professionals with the information and tools they need to select, train, and retain employees in a fashion that yields maximum benefit for the individual employee as well as for the organization. The purpose of the paper below is to analyze the organizational behavior of my current or former employer (current: Street, Water, and Sewer Department for my town), by describing how each of the components listed below influences the behavior of the organization in a negative or positive manner, and they include, the Type of culture (Pluralism, Dualism or Salad bowl? ); Modes of communication (Describe the dominant communication form used, e. g. written or verbal); Nature of authority (recognized social rank); Motivational techniques (Describe the motivational driving forces e. g. Intrinsic or extrinsic used to influence productivity and performance? ); Areas of EQ incorporated (Describe how the organization embraces the theory of emotional intelligence); and How are the components of a virtual organization embraced? (Explain how the organization embraces new paradigms such as teleworking and virtual offices? ). Grasping a complex and knowledgeable understanding on why, when, where and how, organizational behavior functions and operates, can provide great tools and skills to an individual or organization to better manage behavior and productivity within a company. I currently work for as a laborer for the Water/Sewer department for my county/town. As a member of the STREET department which is responsible for the maintenance and repair of City roads and right-of-ways; maintenance and repair of drainage located on City property; installation and maintenance of signs and roadway markings; and removal of snow and ice. The Employee’s operates, maintains and repairs various machinery, tools, and equipment. As for the water department, this position is responsible for maintenance and repair of City’s WATERLINE system. Installs any and all new additions to the existing distribution system as well as performs necessary maintenance and or repairs to any part of the water distribution system. Performs miscellaneous duties such as operating and repairing equipment, general clean up, concrete finishing, painting, etc. Uses various hand tools, power tools, heavy equipment and machinery. As a member of the WASTEWATER(Sewer)Department which is responsible for maintenance and repair of the City’s sewer line system. Employee performs necessary maintenance, repairs, and/or replacement of sewer system components. Employee uses various hand tools, power tools, heavy equipment, trucks, and machinery. Employee performs miscellaneous duties such as operating and repairing equipment, general clean up, concrete finishing, painting, etc. Good communications skills are required as this position frequently deals directly with the public. The primary hours of this position are Monday through Friday during the day; however, extended shifts and overtime on weekends, evenings, and holidays may be required. Therefore organizational behavior skills are a must. Type of culture (Pluralism, Dualism or Salad bowl? ) Culture can be defined as the cultivated behavior that is socially transmitted. It involves the accumulation of knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, experiences, religion, relations, concepts of the universe, values, meanings, roles, notions of time, relations, material possessions and objects acquired and a way of life of a group of people throughout the generations. When it comes to the type of culture on my job I would have to describe it as a pluralism type of culture. This refers to the type of culture whereby smaller groups of people within a large society tend to maintain their unique culture identities and their values, behaviors and identities are well accepted by the wider society or culture. The minor groups of people participate fully within the dominant society while still maintaining their cultural differences. It involves coexistent of different cultures in a location without the domineering of one particular culture. The human differences that exist are accepted by the majority and hence it eliminates discrimination in the form of racialism or sexism. It can also be refereed to as multiculturalism (Henry, 2011). † Within the three departments that I participate and work in, there are 5 different nationalities of workers who coincide within the organization, and they include African American, Mexican, Caucasian, Latino, and American Indian. Each and every one of these individuals, have their own way of living, eating, etc.. But when everyone clocks in in the morning, we are all one cohesive group, who knows that the main goal is to come to work, be safe, respect your fellow co-worker, get the job done in a professional manner, and most importantly be in the best interest of the tax payers and the town in general, while at the same time excepting who each individual is a person, where they come from, and their cultural differences. This influences the company in a positive manner because, it incorporates good behavior on the job, respect for the job, positive progress for the people participating at the job, and goal completion. Modes of communication (Describe the dominant communication form used, e. g. written or verbal) â€Å"Communication consists of transmitting, receiving, and processing information. In organizations, communications flow between individuals, between levels in the organizational hierarchy, between departments, and between the company and outside publics. Effective communication has often been linked to interpersonal and company success (Baak, 2012). † Communication is of high importance on any job, especially the one that I work for, due to the risks that are associated with the work and projects that we take on. Even though we may use written communication from time to time, describing what our daily goals and tasks are, verbal communication is the dominant mode of communication throughout the organization. Whether it be verbal or non verbal, both revolve around the importance of everyone, working in sync with one another and most importantly working safely around your fellow co-worker. One example is, when we are replacing larger water lines (12 inches in diameter) within a trench, which may be at a depth of 2ft to 14ft. Therefore, when a worker is in the trench digging around and locating the pipe, there must to be a competent person at the top of the trench looking for cracks or imperfections in the walls, where a potential cave in could happen, injuring or killing the person in the hole. So, verbal communication is regularly used when there is no machinery running, and you have to alarm the workers of a dangerous situation. And non-verbal communication is used, when a gas powered saw is in operation to cut a pipe, in which, the worker cannot hear you verbally, thus non verbal actions and communication are used to alarm the worker of potential danger and they are pulled out of the trench before anything catastrophic occurs. On that note, this influences the company on a postive level, because, both verbal and non-verbal communication is the dominant and vital mode of communication, that provides protection for a safe work environment. Nature of authority (recognized social rank) The nature of authority is also very important on my job because, each individual respects the fact that one should not go over the next persons head of authority, or having curiosity about a co-workers way of life without discussing it with them first. Because, there are individuals on the job who have been there 20 years, 10 years, 5 years, etc, therefore when you join a team or a group of people, you become part of that organizations social system, and you must adjust and relate to that world of work. â€Å"The variables in an organizational system operate in a working balance called social equilibrium. Individuals make a psychological contract that defines their personal relationship with the system. â€Å"When they contribute to the organization’s success, we call their behavior functional. The broad environment that people live in is their social culture, and a major change in it can lead to cultural shock. People need to accept and appreciate the value that cultural differences can contribute to the success of an organization (www. angel fire. com). † â€Å"Other important cultural factors include the work ethic and corporate attitudes toward social responsibility. Role is the pattern of action expected of a person in activities involving others. Related ideas are role perceptions mentors, role conflict, and role ambiguity. Status is the social rank of a person in a group, and it leads to status systems and possibly status anxiety. Organizational cultures reflect the assumptions and values that guide a firm. They are intangible but powerful influences on employee behavior. Participants learn about their organization’s culture through the process of socialization and influence it through individualization (www. angel fire. com). On that note, the nature of authority can be both positive and negative, because, from a negative standpoint it can be used for growth in power in domination. But from a positive standpoint, it can be sued for uplifting other coworkers, by improvising their skills, capabilities and more importantly, their motivational drive on the job. Motivational techniques (Describe the motivational driving forces e. g. Intrins ic or extrinsic used to influence productivity and performance? ) Due to the constant and unpredictable adjustments that my organization goes through, behavior can change in a instant, with each and every individual on the job. Therefore, motivational techniques are a concurrent thing, on a day to day basis. â€Å"There is no doubt that motivation is the driving force by which humans achieve their goals. Motivation can be intrinsic or extrinsic. Intrinsic motivation is driven by an interest or enjoyment in the actions required to achieve a goal, without relying on external rewards or pressures (Amin, 2011). † In my organization the motivational driving force is intrinsic, because pride is everything to a man more than anything, therefore everyone on the job feels a sense of obligation to achieve the goals presented to them to their best ability. Productivity and performance stays at an all time high and positive level, thus, whatever daily goal is presented to us, is handled with confidence and integrity. Our motivation consist of reminding ourselves that what we do, is what we enjoy to do, what we do is appreciated by the tax payers & family and most importantly we enjoy knowing that our skills and capabilities are worth the time and effort that we put forth to learn and achieve the skills and tools to complete present and future organizational objectives. Areas of EQ incorporated (Describe how the organization embraces the theory of emotional intelligence) Emotional intelligence (EI) refers to the ability to perceive, control and evaluate emotions. Some researchers suggest that emotional intelligence can be learned and strengthened, while others claim it is an inborn characteristic. And it consists of four branches that include perceiving emotions, reasoning with emotions, understanding emotions and managing emotions (Cher ry, 2012). † Based on the high demands of my job, my co-workers and myself included, may at times have high emotions about whether something on the job is not going right, and show some form of frustration without even knowing it sometimes. Therefore my our organization constantly issues EQ (emotional intelligence ), reminder courses, that helps the crews keep a stable mind set when working in dangerous areas, and if something goes wrong, we use the EQ tools to control and manage our emotions for the sake/safety of our well being the others that are around. EQ classes have been very positive for the organization over the past 5 years, and every since the integration there have been no altercations, accidents, or incidents on the job at all. A 100% success rate. How are the components of a virtual organization embraced? (Explain how the organization embraces new paradigms such as teleworking and virtual offices? ) â€Å"Traditional brick and mortar businesses may become a thing of the past. Today’s modern workplace has embraced the virtual environment. The ultimate goal of the virtual organization is to provide innovative, high-quality products or services instantaneously in response to customer demands (Hamilton, 2012). On that note, my organization has embraced the components of a virtual organization on a very positive and useful level. For example, in the Water/sewer department, we are responsible for the distribution of bills/and cut-off notices for the water use throughout the city. For decades, this task was done by hand; by hand I mean driving to each and every house in the city, knocking on the door, and handing the customer their water/sewer bill for that month. Ever since the company embraced the compo nents of a virtual organization, these tasks are now obsolete. Now we contact the customers, through email, text messaging, and voicemails. When the customer has a question about their bill, they are able to contact the office and have a videoconference with the workers in the water/sewer department, to discuss whatever problem they are having with their water/sewer bill, or their water/sewer in general. My organization has also embrace the concept of a virtual organization in the street department. When there is a down power line, streetlight, street sign, blocked up drain pipes, etc. my organization has integrated a beacon system that alerts us when any of these incidents have occurred and in what area. All we have to do is acknowledge the beacon alert, log on to our computers, locate the problem, and proceed to fix the issue at hand. Integrating the components of a virtual organization has been immensely helpful and positive to our over all daily tasks and duties. In conclusion, Organizational Behavior is the study and application of knowledg e about how people, individuals, and groups act in organizations. The purpose of organizational behavior is to gain a greater understanding of those factors that influence individual and group dynamics in an organizational setting so that individuals and the groups and organizations to which they belong may become more efficient and effective. Culture can be defined as the cultivated behavior that is socially transmitted. It involves the accumulation of knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, experiences, religion, relations, concepts of the universe, values, meanings, roles, notions of time, relations, material possessions and objects acquired and a way of life of a group of people throughout the generations. When it comes to the type of culture on my job I would have to describe it as a pluralism type of culture. Communication consists of transmitting, receiving, and processing information. In organizations, communications flow between individuals, between levels in the organizational hierarchy, between departments, and between the company and outside publics. Effective communication has often been linked to interpersonal and company success. The nature of authority is also very important on my job because, each individual respects the fact hat one should not go over the next persons head of authority, or having curiosity about a co-workers way of life without discussing it with them first. Due to the constant and unpredictable adjustments that my organization goes through, behavior can change in a instant, with each and every individual on the job. Therefore, motivational techniques are a concurrent thing, on a day to day basis. Emotional intelligence (EI) refers to the ability to perce ive, control and evaluate emotions. Some researchers suggest that emotional intelligence can be learned and strengthened, while others claim it is an inborn characteristic. And it consists of four branches that include perceiving emotions, reasoning with emotions, understanding emotions and managing emotions. Traditional brick and mortar businesses may become a thing of the past. Today’s modern workplace has embraced the virtual environment. The ultimate goal of the virtual organization is to provide innovative, high-quality products or services instantaneously in response to customer demands. All in all the purpose of the paper above, was to analyze the organizational behavior of my current or former employer (current: Street, Water, and Sewer Department for my town), by describing how each of the components listed below influences the behavior of the organization in a negative or positive manner, and they include, the Type of culture (Pluralism, Dualism or Salad bowl? ); Modes of communication (Describe the dominant communication form used, e. g. written or verbal); Nature of authority (recognized social rank); Motivational techniques (Describe the motivational driving forces e. . Intrinsic or extrinsic used to influence productivity and performance? ); Areas of EQ incorporated (Describe how the organization embraces the theory of emotional intelligence); and How are the components of a virtual organization embraced? (Explain how the organization embraces new paradigms such as teleworking and virtual offices? ). Grasping a complex and knowledgeable understanding on why, when, where and how, organizational behavior functions and operates, can provide great tools and skills to an individual or organization to better manage behavior and productivity within a company. References Amin,. (July 21, 2011). Motivate your team intrinsically or extrinsically? Retrieved on December 10, 2012 from http://blog. 7geese. com/2011/07/21/intrinsic-vs-extrinsic-motivation/ Baack, D. (2012). Organizational behavior. San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education, Inc Cherry, K. (2012). What Is Emotional Intelligence? Definitions, History, and Measures of Emotional Intelligence. Retrieved on December 10, 2012 from http://psychology. about. com/od/personalitydevelopment/a/emotionalintell. htm Hamilton, D. Dr. (April 23, 2012). Today’s Organizations Embracing Virtual Business. Retrieved on December 10, 2012 from http://drdianehamilton. wordpress. com/2012/04/23/todays-organizations-embracing-virtual-business/ Henry,. (April 4, 2004). Culture Definitions and Types. Retrieved on December 10, 2012 from http://language. ezinemark. com/culture-definitions-and-types-17b25a011fd. html Wertheim, E. G. (February 22, 2004). Historical Background of Organizational Behavior. Retrieved on December 10, 2012 from http://ehcweb. ehc. edu/faculty/ljcumbo/downfiles/historyofOB. pdf http://www. angelfire. com/blues/cannonsessays/org_behavior/ORGANIZATIONAL_BEHAV